State Department Of Sports Arts Culture And Recreation
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This section provides information relating to employment and unemployment in arts, entertainment, and recreation. While most data are obtained from employer or establishment surveys, information on industry unemployment comes from a national survey of households. The following tables present an overview of the industry including the number of jobs, the unemployment rate of those previously employed in the industry, job openings and labor turnover, union membership and representation, data for occupations common to the industry, and projections of occupational employment change.
This section presents data on employee earnings and weekly hours. The latest industry averages of hourly earnings and weekly hours, as well as weekly earnings by union membership status, are shown. In addition, recent hourly and annual earnings are shown for occupations commonly found in arts, entertainment, and recreation.
This section presents data for the industry on the number of workplace fatalities and the rates of workplace injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers in arts, entertainment, and recreation. An injury or illness is considered to be work-related if an event or exposure in the work environment either caused or contributed to the resulting condition or significantly aggravated a pre-existing condition.
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the level of employment, the number of establishments and total wages in the arts, entertainment and recreation sector had each expanded significantly over the past decade, growing at a much faster rate than for all sectors citywide.
In March 2020, the response to the public health crisis forced the entire sector to close. While some venues, such as outdoor botanical gardens, zoos, museums and gyms, have reopened at reduced capacity, many establishments remain closed because of the health risks associated with attendance at live events. Arts, entertainment and recreation has been the most impacted sector in the City, with the slowest improvement in employment. A new federal aid package provides some badly needed relief for closed live venues as well as additional funds for small businesses. New York State and City have also recently undertaken new initiatives to help restart the arts and entertainment sector.
Before the pandemic, arts, entertainment and recreation in New York City accounted for 93,500 private sector jobs at 6,250 establishments in 2019.2 These jobs had an average salary of $79,300 and provided $7.4 billion in total wages. The sector represented 2.4 percent of private sector jobs and 2.3 percent of firms, higher than their shares nationally (1.9 percent and 1.6 percent, respectively).
The arts, entertainment and recreation sector includes three subsectors, the largest of which is performing arts and spectator sports. This subsector accounted for half of the 93,500 jobs in this sector overall (see Figure 1). Performing arts and spectator sports, which includes actors as well as professional athletes, is also the highest-paying subsector, with an average salary of $114,600 in 2019.
Among the 6,250 establishments in the sector that have employees (i.e., excluding single-person businesses), nearly 90 percent had fewer than 20 employees in 2019. More than three-quarters of these small businesses were in the performing arts and spectator sports subsector. Still, the sector overall included 26 large establishments that had 500 or more employees, 14 of which were in performing arts and spectator sports.
From 2009 to 2019, employment in the arts and recreation sector grew by 42 percent, much faster than total private sector employment (30 percent). The number of establishments increased by 28 percent, also much faster than citywide (19 percent), with growth rates surging in Brooklyn (108 percent), Staten Island (41 percent) and Queens (37 percent). Total wages in this sector rose by 78 percent citywide compared to 64 percent for all sectors.
While growth was spread across many areas of the arts, entertainment and recreation sector, the largest drivers were fitness and recreation centers (which accounted for nearly one-third of the job growth) and promoters of performing arts and sports events (which accounted for one-quarter of the job growth), followed by museums and theater companies.
In 2019, 128,400 residents (including nearly 31,000 self-employed residents) drew their primary earnings from working in the arts, entertainment and recreation sector (either part-time or full-time), with average annual earnings of $63,100.4 These residents worked as artists, actors, musicians, fitness instructors and producers, as well as office workers, computer specialists, graphic designers and building staff; most of these occupations cannot be done remotely (see Figure 4 for the top occupations in this sector).
While the largest share (nearly 40 percent) of the arts and recreation workforce lived in Manhattan in 2019, more than one-fourth lived in Brooklyn and another one-fifth lived in Queens (see Figure 5).
Including both immigrants and native-born residents, Whites made up the largest share of residents working in the arts and recreation sector (56 percent), a higher share than among all resident workers (see Figure 6). Hispanics or Latinos, Blacks or African Americans and Asians all represented lower shares of the residents working in this sector than among all working residents citywide.
Budgets at arts and recreation establishments have been decimated. In order to raise revenues, performing arts organizations have turned to the Internet, streaming both live and taped performances for fees or suggested donations, and offering classes and seminars online. Some organizations have reimagined their annual fundraising occasions as virtual events. Gyms have held classes both online and outside. NYC & Company has begun a campaign encouraging residents to become tourists in their own city.
In late March, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, a federal government economic stimulus package of more than $2 trillion, was signed into law. Several of its components were particularly helpful to workers and establishments in the arts, entertainment and recreation sector. Much of this relief was also renewed, or enhanced, through new legislation passed in December 2020.
The number of PPP loans approved for arts, entertainment and recreation organizations in New York City represented just under two-thirds of entities in the sector (excluding independent contractors, sole proprietors, and self-employed individuals). Organizations receiving loans were required to indicate the number of jobs they expected to retain (referred to as jobs reported). Employers receiving PPP loans reported retaining more than two-thirds (70 percent) of all jobs in the sector (see Figure 8).
Loans approved for the performing arts and spectator sports subsector accounted for most of the total approved for the entire sector (see Figure 9), and for just over half of all sector jobs reported by borrowers.
The number of PPP loans approved for museums and historical sites (293) almost equaled the number of firms in that subsector, while the number approved for performing arts and spectator sports (2,774) was just below two-thirds of the number of firms in that subsector.
The number of PPP loans approved for independent contractors, sole proprietors and self-employed individuals in the arts, entertainment and recreation sector totaled 1,824, nearly half of the number of loans given to all the other types of businesses combined in this sector. Most of these were for the performing arts and spectator sports subsector (94 percent).
This sector is the only major employment sector in New York City that remains below half of its pre-pandemic employment levels. The operations of arts and recreation businesses have been severely limited by restrictions on congregate venues to manage public health risks.
The extension of support for the unemployed, including independent contractors, will also help many individuals in the arts and recreation sector as will the expansion of the Paycheck Protection Program, though new action will need to be taken for Pandemic Unemployment Assistance to continue into the second half of the year if the reopening process continues slowly.
Interested in working in the fields of sports, non-profit organizations, fitness or leisure organizations Do you love athletics, the outdoors, and have an interest in management, leadership, or mentoring The Salem State Sport and Movement Science department will prepare you for a future career in sport management or recreation management, a field expected to see a 16-20% increase in job growth from 2020-2030.
This account was built by identifying, analyzing and separating out detailed data from existing BEA statistics. Pulling together the arts and cultural data in one place paints a statistical picture that's valuable to state and federal policymakers, businesses, arts organizations, analysts, economists, and others.
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